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The Ten Most Important Events in 20th Century Baduk
 
1. A Copernican revolution in the modern art of Baduk
 
  What is the most important event in 20th century Baduk history? The appearance of a genius? One particular match? Social recognition of Baduk? Different individuals would give different answers to this question, but personally, I believe that it is the introduction of New Posuk [posuk (Japanese: fuseki) denotes the beginning moves of the game; the full-board strategy of the opening-- editor].
New Posuk was a period of radical experimentation which started in the early 1930s and held sway until the end of that decade. Up to that point, the primary focus in opening play had been on making strong groups to serve as bases for later expansion. The new thinking expanded the importance of influence, emphasizing moves which gave more control over not yet contested areas, at the expense of not forming groups with well-defended walls as quickly.
In particular, this meant that more of the initial plays in the opening were on the fourth line, rather than the third, especially on the "black points," or handicap points: the 4-4 points in the corners, and the fourth line points in the middle of the sides.
 
Kitani(left) and Wu Chingyuan at Jigokutani hot spring which is
well-known as the New Posuk's birth place.

At the same time, it expanded the importance of the initial play at the 3-3 point in the corner.This stone does not tend to make nearly as much corner territory as the more traditional play at the 4-3 point, for example, but it has the virtue of establishing life in one move, so that one can quickly expand out from it. Also, a whole new collection of jungsuk had to be developed for the new initial plays in the corner. [Jungsuk (Japanese: joseki) denotes the local opening strategies; optimal sequences of plays (usually in a corner, but sometimes on a side) to attain specific local objectives.-- editor]
These ideas were pioneered by Wu Qingyuan, born in 1914, and Kitani Minoru, born in 1909. They constituted a conceptual revolution, born of the spirit of a new era and the efforts of a new generation of players who were not yet firmly married to the older ideas. Plays at the 3-3 point became more widely used, the base of initial plays was expanded from the third line to the fourth and fifth lines, and the concept of influence became as important as the concept of thickness.
I once wrote the following:
"Everything has been stood on its head since the announcement of Wu Qingyuan and Kitani's ideas. Their view has changed the entire way of understanding what is seen, the thickness, and the actual power of stones, their influence. Even the method of attack has changed. Everything suddenly has a new beauty, as when one falls in love."

-- by Moon Yong-gik, 4-dan

 
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